SEGREGATION
CASE RESET FOR MARCH 18
March 10, 1955
The trial of a 15-year old Negro girl who was charged with
violating segregation laws by refusing to yield her seat to
a white person on a City Lines bus has been rescheduled for
March 18. It originally had been set for 1:30 p.m. tomorrow.
A juvenile court hearing for Claudette Colvin, charged with
assault and battery, disorderly conduct and violating the
city segregation law was postponed due to the death of the
sister of Juvenile Court Judge Wiley Hill.
NEGRO GROUPS
READY BOYCOTT OF CITY LINES
December 4, 1955
A 'top secret" meeting of Montgomery Negroes who plan
a boycott of city buses Monday is scheduled at 7 p.m. at the
Holt Street Baptist Church for "further instructions"
in an economic reprisal" campaign against segregation
on city buses, The Advertiser learned last night. The campaign,
modeled along the lines of the White Citizens Council program,
was initiated by unidentified Negro leaders after a Negro
woman, Rosa parks, was arrested.
NEGRESS DRAWS
FINE SEGREGATION CASE INVOLVING BUS RIDE
December 5, 1955
A Negro woman was fined $10 and cost in police court here
today for violation a state law requiring racial segregation
on city buses. Rosa Parks, 634 Cleveland Ave., a seamstress
at a downtown store, did not testify. Negro Atty. Fred D.
Gray informed Recorder's Court Judge John B Scott he would
appeal the decision to Montgomery Circuit Court. A few minutes
later, Gray signed a $100 appeal bond for his client. Also
signing the woman's appeal bond was E. D. Nixon.
THE MECHANICS
OF THE BUS BOYCOTT
January 10, 1956
A young white minister clad in the vestments of the Lutheran
Church stood in his pulpit on a Sunday last month and calmly
urged his congregation to give its fullest support to the
Negro boycott of Montgomery buses. He told of his plans to
make his own car available to a "share the ride"
pool organized to transport Negroes unable to afford taxis,
and indicated he was about to assume an active part in the
conduct of the boycott.
CITY COMMISSION
LAUDED FOR BUS BOYCOTT STAND
January 24, 1956
City Commission said today they were swamped with "hundreds"
of messages congratulating them on the boycott stand taken
late yesterday. And the tenor of the calls indicate that retaliatory
measures are being considered against Negro employees participating
in the seven-week-old boycott. Commissioner Frank Parks said
he had received "dozens of calls from businessmen"
who said they were going to "lay off Negro employees...
BOMB ROCKS RESIDENCE
OF BUS BOYCOTT LEADER - None Injured After Bombing Of Kings
Home
January 31, 1956
A bomb tossed on the porch of the home of the Rev. M. L. King,
Negro boycott leader, 309 S. Jackson St. about 9:15 last night
shattered windows, ripped a hole in the porch and cracked
a porch column. No one was injured Neighbors reported that
a light colored automobile was seen at the time of the explosion.
It was believed to have stopped in front of the home as a
man got out and placed or tossed the bomb on the porch.
89 ENTER NOT GUILTY
PLEAS TO BUS BOYCOTT INDICTMENT
February 24, 1956
Each of the 89 Negroes arraigned before Circuit Judge Eugene
Carter today on grand jury charges of entering into an unlawful
boycott against City Lines Bus Co. entered a plea of innocent.
A total of 16 cases - mostly "duplicate" indictments
- were nolle prossed. The indictment against one defendant,
Rev. A. W. Wilson, was nolle prossed because his appearance
before the grand jury granted him immunity from prosecution.
NEGROES DENIED
PERMIT FOR BUS LINE
April 3, 1956
Leaders of the racial boycott against Montgomery City Lines
buses asked in vain yesterday for permission to operate an
all-Negro bus line in Montgomery. The City Commission turned
them down with the observation that the boycotted Montgomery
City Lines Inc. is offering "excellent bus service for
the entire city" and the "45 or 50 buses are now
standing empty." Negroes for 19 weeks have refused to
ride the segregated City Lines buses...
BOYCOTT 'POOL'
DENIED CAR INSURANCE POLICIES
September 17, 1956
A white minister charged last night that local insurance firms
are indiscriminately canceling policies held by Negroes operating
vehicles in a Negro bus boycott pool. The Rev. Robert Graetz,
pastor of a Negro Lutheran church and active participant in
the 10-month-old boycott, said the move was designed to break
the racial protest. Insurance officials quickly denied the
charge.
SUPREME
COURT OUTLAWS BUS SEGREGATION
November 14, 1956
Laws requiring racial segregation on buses in Montgomery and
throughout Alabama were declared unconstitutional yesterday
in another historic decision by the U. S. Supreme Court. And
while the decision dealt specifically with Alabama statutes
and ordinances of the City of Montgomery, in effect it also
outlawed similar segregation laws throughout the South since
this ruling sets the precedent for all similar cases in the
future.
BUS DESEGREGATION
ORDER SERVED HERE; NEGROES VOTE TO CALL OFF BOYCOTT TODAY
December 21, 1956
Montgomery Negroes joyous at arrival here yesterday of a Supreme
Court mandate ending segregation on city buses, voted last
night to end their 12-month bus boycott this morning. City
and state officials gave no indication that any action would
be taken to circumvent the integration of the buses. Within
recent weeks both the city commission and Public Service Commission
President Jack Owen have intimated that "legal"
means to get around the integration of buses would...
BOYCOTT LEADERS
TAKE DESEGREGATED BUS RIDE
December 21, 1956
"That was a might good ride." "It was a great
ride." The comments came from the Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy
and the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., respectively, as they
stood in Court Square just after completing their first ride
on an integrated bus at 7:20 a.m. today. The two top officials
of the Montgomery Improvement Association boarded the South
Jackson Street bus at Key Street and South Jackson. King took
the third seat from the front...
NEGRO CHURCHES,
RESIDENCES SUFFER $50,000 BOMB DAMAGE
January 11, 1957
Damage estimates on yesterday's early morning bombings of
Negro residences and churches ranged from $50,000 upward and
two churches have been condemned temporarily. Insurance adjusters
reported at least a dozen claims on which they were working,
but no insurors could be found for the Bell Street and Mt.
Olive Baptist Churches - the worst hit. The two also were
reported unusable by Fire Chief Robert L. Lampley following
an official inspection.
CITY SEEKS RULING
ON PLAN TO START WHITE BUS SYSTEM
January 26, 1957
Reports of an all-white transportation system became official
here yesterday as the Montgomery City Commission petitioned
U.S. District Court to learn if a "club" bus line
can operate legally. City attorneys filed the petition asking
U.S. District Judge Frank M. Johnson Jr. if the city can legally
issue a franchise to a "private" bus system in the
face of the Supreme Court's ban on racial bus segregation
here. |
